Q12. State FIVE terms used to describe the conditions that relate to the distortion of a ship’s hull undergoes in heavy seas, stating EACH case the type of stresses involved and where the stresses occur.
Q13. With reference to watertight doors:
(a) Explain the factors that affect the number and size compatible with proper working of the ship; (3)
(b) Explain the operating requirements of watertight door below the weather deck; (3)
(c) Outline the potential hazards when passing through power operated watertight doors stating how these are overcome.?? (4)
Q14. With reference to the international conventional for the control and management of ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments;
(a) state the aims of the Ballast Water Management Convention; (2)
(b) Explain the difference between ballast water standards D-1 and D-2; (2)
(c) State with reasons, the documentation required by ships in international traffic to manage their Ballast Water and Sediments; (6)
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