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Q4. with reference to biological sewage systems:

(a) describe the principle of operation of a biological sewage treatment plant; (4)

(b) state TWO operational factors that may adversely affect the operation of the plant and how the effects would be indicated;     (2)

(c) explain why, on a long sea passage, it is advisable to bypass the unit.      (2)

(d) explain the meaning and significance of the term biological oxygen demand.          (2)