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Q9. A horizontal pipe carrying fresh water tapers from 200 mm diameter to 100 mm diameter. The volumetric flowrate is 0.055 m³/s.

(a) Calculate EACH of the following:

(i) the velocities at both points; (4)

(ii) find the mass flow rate; (2)

(iii) determine the pressure difference between the two points. (5)

(b) A pipe bends through an angle of 45 degrees in the vertical plane. At the inlet it had an area of 0.002 m² and pressure 800 kPa. At the exit it has area 0.0008 m² and pressure 300 kPa.

Calculate the vertical and horizontal forces due to the pressure only. (5)