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Q6) The end of a steel pipe with a thermal conductivity of 60  W/mK  is capped with a hemisphere which has internal diameter 33.2 cm and a thickness of 20mm.

The pipe contains superheated steam at 245℃ and the external temperature without lagging is 244.5℃.

(a) Calculate the resistance of the steel. (4)

(b)To achieve a safe working temperature of 35℃, calculate the minimum thickness of insulation with a thermal conductivity of 0.55  W/mK  required, assuming the rate of heat is constant.(10)

(c) Sketch a diagram of the system. (2)