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Q6. A four-ram hydraulic steering gear is to have a maximum rudder angle of 35° either side of midships. The rams are 300 mm diameter and the distance between the centre line of the rams and the centre of the rudder stock is 1.5 m. The rudder stock has a diameter of 400 mm and the yield torsional shear stress in the rudder stock material is 320 MN/m². To avoid damage to the rudder stock, a safety coefficient of 4 is applied.

Calculate EACH of the following:

(a) the maximum torque which can be applied to the rudder stock; (6)

(b) the required pressure relief valve setting on the hydraulic rams. (10)