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Q1) In a four-ram hydraulic steering gear the diameter of ram is 100 mm and the distance between the centre line of the rams and rudder stock is 815 mm. The maximum rudder angle is 35° and the by-pass valves lift at a pressure of 7.6 MN/m². The tilter arms are of parallel circular section and maximum stress in the arms occurs at the junction to rudder stock which is 610 mm from the rudder stock center.

Calculate EACH of the following:

(a) The rudder stock diameter for maximum torsional stress of 75 MN/m²; (10)

(b) Diameter of tilter arm for maximum bending stress of 105 MN/m². (6)