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Q13. With reference to roll reduction systems:

(a) explain the principle of operation of bilge keels, stating their advantages; (4)

(b) describe TWO other methods of roll reduction, stating the advantages and disadvantages of EACH system. (6)

Q13. (a) Explain why fatigue cracks occur in a ship's hull, stating the locations where they may be found. (3)

(b) Describe the hull inspection that should be carried out m drydock to ascertain the maintenance and repairs that may need to be carried out. (7)

Q12. With reference to structural fire protection in passenger ship accommodation spaces:

(a) define the meaning of Class A bulkheads, stating the requirements; (3)

(b) discuss the design of ventilation systems to prevent the spread of smoke and fire; (5)

(c) explain how the integrity of the bulkhead is retained with respect to ventilation trunkings, where A Class bulkhead have to be penetrated. (2)