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With reference to cargo hatch covers on large container ships:

(a) describe how they are tested for weathertightness; (2)

(b) explain how the weight of the hatch and containers is transferred to the ship's structure whilst allowing for deflections of the hull in a seaway;(3)

(c) describe, with the aid of a sketch, the type and location of damage that can occur due to wear of the hatch supporting arrangements. (5)

Q13. (a) With reference to bilge keels:

(i) describe how the design and method of attachment reduces the possibility of damage to the shell plate; (5)

(ii) state what testing must be carried out. (2)

(b) Explain why the bilge keels do not extend the full length of the vessel. (3)

Q14. As chief engineer officer outline the essential information to be supplied to the drydock management prior to drydocking a vessel. (10)