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Q5. With reference to activated fin stabilisers, explain EACH of the following:

(a) why such units are preferred to passive tanks in large vessels; (3)

(b) why these units are preferred for passenger and fast cargo ships; (3)

(c) why partial, rather than maximum damping of ship movement in heavy weather, is advisable for reasons other than overstressing the fin stocks and activating gear. (4)

Q13. (a) With reference to bilge keels:

(i) describe how the design and method of attachment reduces the possibility of damage to the shell plate; (5)

(ii) state what testing must be carried out. (2)

(b) Explain why the bilge keels do not extend the full length of the vessel. (3)

Q12. With reference to roll reduction systems, explain the principles of operation of EACH of the following, stating the advantages and disadvantages of EACH:

(i) Bilge keels (5)

(ii) Passive Uncontrolled Tanks (5)

Q13. With reference to roll reduction systems:

(a) explain the principle of operation of bilge keels, stating their advantages; (4)

(b) describe TWO other methods of roll reduction, stating the advantages and disadvantages of EACH system. (6)