EK-General – Section C ( Naval) Questions & Answers

BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT

Q1. With reference to the international conventional for the control and management of ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments;

(a) state the aims of the Ballast Water Management Convention; (2)

(b) Explain the difference between ballast water standards D-1 and D-2; (2)

(c) State with reasons, the documentation required by ships in international traffic to manage their Ballast Water and Sediments; (6)

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BILGE KEEL

Q1. (a) With reference to bilge keels:

(i) describe how the design and method of attachment reduces the possibility of damage to the shell plate; (5)

(ii) state what testing must be carried out. (2)

(b) Explain why the bilge keels do not extend the full length of the vessel. (3)

BULK CARRIER, HATCH COVERS

Q1. With reference to large bulk carriers:

(a) sketch a cross section of a bulk carrier through the mid-ship; (5)

(b) explain the design features that have evolved to minimise the possibility of failure. (5)

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Q2. (a) Describe, with the aid of sketch, how a hydraulically operated folding hatch cover opens and closes. (7)

(b) Explain how the water tightness and security of the hatch cover sketched in part (a) can be ascertained before proceeding to sea. (3)

Q3. With reference to cargo hatch covers on large container ships:(a) describe how they are tested for weathertightness; (2)

(b) explain how the weight of the hatch and containers is transferred to the ship’s structure whilst allowing for deflections of the hull in a seaway; (3)

(c) describe, with the aid of a sketch, the type and location of damage that can occur due to wear of the hatch supporting arrangements. (5)

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CONTAINER SHIP SPECIFIC

Q1. Explain, with the aid of a mid-ship half sectional sketch of a container ship, how strength is built into this type of vessel whilst still allowing access to the cargo holds. (10)

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DRYDOCKING

Q1. (a) Describe the survey of a hollow rudder. (7)

(b) Explain the possible effects if the watertight integrity of the rudder was compromised. (3)

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Q2. (a) With reference to the overhaul of a ship side valve in dry dock explain, as Chief Engineer Officer, what information should be given to the docking company prior to work commencing. (5)

(b) Describe how the valves would be overhauled stating the precautions to be taken before returning the ship to service. (5)

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Q3. Describe how EACH of the following defects on a solid propeller may be repaired whilst a ship is in drydock

(a) Bent blades (2)

(b) Damaged blade tips (4)

(c) Pieces of blade missing (4)

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Q4. As chief engineer officer outline the essential information to be supplied to the drydock management prior to drydocking a vessel. (10)

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Q5. (a) Explain why fatigue cracks occur in a ship’s hull, stating the locations where they may be found. (3)

(b) Describe the hull inspection that should be carried out in drydock to ascertain the maintenance and repairs that may need to be carried out. (7)

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Q6. As Chief Engineer officer, write a dry dock specification for the repair of the following damage that has occurred, stating what factors have to be considered when costing the repairs. Damage to water ballast tank number 1 port wing. The shell plating 15 mm thick for approx. 2 metres square has to be removed and replaced along with the relevant damaged stiffeners. (10)

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Q7. With reference to drydocking a vessel:

(a) state the pre-docking information that should be given to the drydock authority; (5)

(b) list the items to be inspected once the dock is empty. (5)

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Q8. When a vessel is in dry dock, the possible risks of fire in the machinery spaces are heightened due to the nature of the work being carried out.

As Chief Engineer Officer, compile a set of standing orders instructing ship’s staff on the actions to be taken should a serious fire occur. (10)

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ENCLOSED SPACE

Q1. With reference to tank inspections:

(a) list SIX items that should be looked for in a tank inspection; (3)

(b) state where erosion would be found in ballast tanks; (2)

(c) write a procedure for enclosed space entry. (5)

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Q2. (a) State, with reasons, the potential hazards that may be present in EACH of the following spaces:

(i) an oily bilge tank; (2)

(ii) a ballast tank; (2)

(iii) a refrigerated space. (2)

(b) State the procedures to be undertaken prior to entering enclosed spaces. (4)

FIRE SAFETY

Q1. With reference to the structure of a large passenger ship, describe the requirement for preventing the spread of fire and smoke. (10)

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Q2. With reference to structural fire protection in passenger ship accommodation spaces;

(a) Define the meaning of EACH of the following   (i) Class A Bulkheads (3)

(ii) Class B Bulkheads (3)  

(b) Where class A bulkheads have to be penetrated, explain how the integrity of the bulkhead is retained with respect to EACH of the following.

(i) Doors (2)      (ii) Ventilation trunking (2)

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Q3.With reference to structural fire protection in passenger ship accommodation spaces:

(a) define the meaning of Class A bulkheads, stating the requirements; (3)

(b) discuss the design of ventilation systems to prevent the spread of smoke and fire; (5)

(c) explain how the integrity of the bulkhead is retained with respect to ventilation trunkings, where A Class bulkhead have to be penetrated. (2)

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Q4. With reference to the structure of a large passenger vessel:

(a) describe how the spread of smoke and fire is prevented.

(b) describe the standard fire test for a Class A-60 Division material.

FORCES & STRESS, STRESS MITIGATION

Q1. (a) Explain the causes and effects of panting and pounding, indicating the affected areas. (5)

(b) Describe the constructional details designed to resist panting and pounding. (5)

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Q2. (a) Describe the stresses that the hull of an ocean-going vessel is subjected to when it encounters heavy weather. (5)

(b) Explain the constructional details of ships which resist the stresses described in part (a). (5)

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Q3. (a) Describe the SIX degrees of motion that a ship at sea moves in when encountering heavy weather. (6)

(b) Describe the constructional details that are designed to resist the forces exerted on a ship by the motions described in Q(a). (4)

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LOADLINE & CONDITIONS OF ASSIGNMENT

Q1. Describe the items that should be inspected to ensure that the conditions of assignment of load line are satisfactorily complied with. (10)

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Q2. As Chief Engineer Officer of an older vessel which has recently been purchased, write a report to the Superintendent Engineer detailing the items that should be inspected to ensure that the conditions of assignment are satisfactorily complied with. (10)

NOISE

Q1.During sea trials, extensive noise measurements are taken in accordance with the Code of Practice for Noise Levels in Ships.

(a) State and explain the unit of sound measurement. (2)

(b) State the noise level above which personnel are required to wear ear protection. (1)

(c) Explain how a ship’s crew may be made aware of the hazards posed by exposure to excessive noise.(2)

(d) Explain how the noise levels can be reduced in the design of EACH of the following:

(i) diesel generators; (3)   (ii) ventilation fans and trunkings. (2)

PROPELLER & RUDDERS

Q1. Describe, with the aid of sketches, how main propulsion efficiency can be improved by the addition of EACH of the following:

(a) ducted propeller (Kort nozzle); (5)

(b) vane or Grim wheel aft of the propeller. (5)

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Q2. (a) Explain why twin skeg rudders may be fitted on some vessels. (3)

(b) Explain the advantages of a twin skeg installation in modern vessels with a large cargo carrying capacity. (7)

REPORT WRITING

Q1. As Chief Engineer Officer on a new vessel, which is experiencing severe aft end vibration at full-service speed, explain the possible reasons for the vibration, and make recommendations for further sister vessels presently under construction. (10)

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ROLLING MITIGATION

Q1. With reference to roll reduction systems:

(a) explain the principle of operation of bilge keels, stating their advantages; (4)

(b) describe TWO other methods of roll reduction, stating the advantages and disadvantages of EACH system. (6)

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Q2. With reference to roll reduction systems, explain the principles of operation of EACH of the following, stating the advantages and disadvantages of EACH:

(i) Bilge keels (5)

(ii) Passive Uncontrolled Tanks (5)

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SURVEY

Q1 .Describe the in-water survey to classification society requirements of the underwater structure of a very large carrier.  (10)

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TANK INSPECTION

Q1. With reference to defects found in the steelwork of ballast tanks:

(a) explain the factors that may cause defects in ballast tanks; (4)

(b) state, with reasons, areas most likely to be affected and how they may be indicated;(4)

(c) state methods employed to minimise damage, caused by the factors in (a). (2)

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TANKER SHIP CONSTRUCTION

Q1. With reference to ship construction:

(a) Explain why conventional liquid carriers are divided by longitudinal bulkheads. (2)

(b) Explain why ore carriers may be fitted with wing tanks (2)

(c) State, other than the carriage of liquids, the purposes of double bottom tanks in dry cargo ships.

(d) State FOUR reasons for transverse watertight bulkheads in ship construction (4)

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Q2. With reference to double hulled oil tankers:

(a) sketch a mid-ship cross section; (5)

(b) state the reason this type of design; (1)

(c) state FOUR disadvantages of this type of design. (4)

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WATERTIGHT DOOR

Q1. (a) State the system of classification for access doors passing through watertight bulkheads of a vessel. (3)

(b) State THREE circumstances under which all watertight doors must be closed when situations are defined as potentially hazardous. (3)

(c) Explain the safety features built into the watertight door operating system to enhance safety to personnel. (4)

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Q2. (a) State FOUR reasons for transverse watertight bulkheads in ship construction. (4)

(b) State the minimum number of transverse watertight bulkheads and their location. (4)

(c) Describe how watertight bulkheads are tested. (2)

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Q3. (a) Explain the function and location of EACH of the following:

(i) watertight doors. (3)  (ii) weathertight doors. (3)

(b) Explain why it is essential that scuppers and freeing ports are operational at all times. ( 4)

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WELDING, FABRICATION TECHNIQUE

Q1. (a) state the advantages and disadvantages of aluminium alloy in ship building. (4)

(b) Describe, with the aid of sketch, a method of welding aluminium panels. (6)

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