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Q2. With reference to steels used in shipbuilding and marine engineering:

(a) describe EACH of the following types of failure;

(i) Brittle failure; (2)                       (ii) Ductile failure. (2)

(b) Explain the term ductile to brittle transition stating the factor that determines ductile to brittle transition. (2)

(c) Describe a test to determine the value of brittle fracture of a specimen test piece. (4)

Q2. (a) Describe, with the aid of a sketch, an explosimeter for the detection of combustible gas. (6)

(b) Describe how the instrument sketched in part (a) is tested and calibrated. (4)

Q3. With reference to propeller shaft alignment:

(a) state the objectives of a satisfactory alignment; (3)

(b) state the conditions that must be met to achieve satisfactory alignment; (3)

(c) explain what is meant by fair curve alignment. (4)

Q5. Describe EACH of the following heat exchanger types, stating a suitable application for EACH type:

(a) parallel flow; (3)

(b) contra flow; (3)

(c) mixed flow. (4)

Q5. With reference to centrifugal pumps:

(a) state the operating principle of a centrifugal pump and why it is unnecessary to fit a relief valve to it; (2)

(b) State TWO impeller types, explaining which type of application EACH would be best suited for; (4)

(c) Explain why cavitation occurs, and how it is reduced by design; (4)

Q5. (a) State the regulations pertaining to the main and auxiliary steering gear with reference to EACH of the following:

(i) rudder angle and time of operation;(2)

(ii) electrical supply. (3)

(b) With reference to a hydraulic steering gear, explain EACH of the following:

(i) the factors that may contribute to the failure of a hydraulic pipe coupling; (2)

(ii) what is meant by the single failure concept. (3)

Q7. As Chief Engineer Officer, prepare standing orders for working with gas cutting and gas welding equipment, including the storage of spare bottles. (10)

Q8. With reference to fresh water HI-FOG fire fighting systems:

(a) sketch such a system; (6)          (b) state how the system in (a) is activated; (2)

(c) state, with a reason, a suitable location for the above system. (2)

Q9. Describe, with the aid of a diagram, a shaft generator that uses a frequency converter. (10)

Q10. (a) Sketch a circuit diagram of an emergency generator power supply and distribution system, indicating the essential services provided. (6)

(b) State the emergency generator regulations. (4)

11. With reference to lithium-ion batteries:

(a) explain why this type of battery has been adopted for shipboard use; (4)

(b) state ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of lithium-ion batteries; (2)

(c) define EACH of the following:

(i) cell drift; (2)                   (ii) thermal runaway. (2)

Q12. (a) Describe the stresses that the hull of an ocean-going vessel is subjected to when it encounters heavy weather. (5)

(b) Explain the constructional details of ships which resist the stresses described in part (a). (5)

Q13. (a) With reference to bilge keels:

(i) describe how the design and method of attachment reduces the possibility of damage to the shell plate; (5)

(ii) state what testing must be carried out. (2)

(b) Explain why the bilge keels do not extend the full length of the vessel. (3)

Q14. With reference to tank inspections:

(a) list SIX items that should be looked for in a tank inspection; (3)

(b) state where erosion would be found in ballast tanks; (2)

(c) write a procedure for enclosed space entry. (5)